Supporting Eco-Cities by Utilizing Green Technologies in Wetlands for On-Site Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

For rural communities, onsite wastewater treatment is crucial and one of the primary methods used to treat wastewater. However, certain rural regions lack the necessary soil conditions for onsite wastewater treatment, necessitating the use of alternate techniques. The soil in a large portion of Egypt is composed of deep, black clay that is water impermeable. This has caused onsite system failure, leading to raw sewage on the ground surface and in local streams. Because they efficiently treat COD, BOD, TSS, and FC. Constructed wetland onsite treatment systems are an excellent alternative treatment. The study's main hypothesis was that, when treating black water, developed wetland treatment systems would dramatically lower the concentration of a contaminant. Compared to regular residential wastewater, black water contains a higher concentration of contaminants and lower water content. In addition, it was predicted that the concentration of pollutants in the black water would be greatly reduced by lengthening the hydraulic retention time of the created wetland systems. The average removal efficiency for COD, total phosphorus, and TSS was 65.8%, 83.10%, and 85.9%, respectively.As designers and planners, we should find a framework for people to maintain such technology in their hands with the same appropriate tools inside their lands. Wetlands could be the solution for most of the urgent challenges that pressure these days on our societies, such as climate change impact and economic disasters that face 90% of the communities. Self-sufficient communities could be the appropriate manageable approach for such challenges and integrating with such technologies could guarantee an effective way of living for current and future generations.