A Review on the Biofuel Production through Algae Utilization of the Sequestrated CO2 to Mitigate the Greenhouse Gas Emission

Abstract

Biodiesel is one of the most viable choices for dealing with the energy crisis. Microalgae are acknowledged as among the most renewable sources for third-generation biofuel. The environmental effect of biodiesel production was also discussed in this review study, which also summarized environmental pollution control performance and significant future problems. The paper's main recommendations and findings can serve as a helpful road map for producing cost-effective biodiesel. This study looks at current advancements and potential prospects in producing biodiesel and another bioproduct through CO₂. Biofuel production through algae could reduce the CO₂ concentration in the environment. This paper examines the variouscultivation conditions for algal growth, such as temperature, light intensity, and pH, which significantly increase lipid content for biofuel production. Algae is a viable promising source of biomass production dueto its rapid growth rate, short life period, and high co2 utilizing tendency. This review focuses on wastewater as an artistic medium for biomass production and the algal cultivation method in open and closed systems. Algal biomass can be converted into various valuable product, but this review focused on the biodiesel production through algal biomass through transesterification.