Experimental Study of the Effect engine performance and pollutants for SIE fueled with Gasoline blended Acetophenone

Abstract

This research is performed to investigate the influence of adding some ketone compounds on performance, emissions, heat balance and exhaust gas temperature of spark ignition engine. The ketone used in this study is acetophenone (C8H8O). The importance of the research lies in increasing the octane number by adding specific percentages of cyclopentanone and showing its impact on improving the combustion process, performance and reducing pollutants. This ketone has been added to the basic fuel (gasoline) with three concentration ranges (3, 6 and 9%) respectively.  All experimental tests were carried out on gasoline engine type (Nissan QG18DE), four cylinders, 4-stroke, port fuel- injection, with compression ratio (9.5:1). The acquired results showed that adding of ketones affect the physical properties of gasoline. Where the density changed from (710 kg/m^3) for net gasoline to (747.046 kg/m^3) for acetophenone at adding ratio of (9%). The octane number also increased for all types of ketones compared with pure fuel, it will be improving from (86) for pure gasoline to (104) for acetophenone at adding ratio of (9%). While the calorific value will be decrease from (43000 kJ/kg) for gasoline to (42015. 77) for cyclopentanone at adding ratio of (9%). The addition of ketones improves the emissions characteristic of engine. The best reduction of (UHC, CO2, and CO) was (43.29, 20. 3, and 38.62 %) recorded by acetophenone addition at ratio of (9%). In the case of performance, all parameters of performance improved by adding ketones. The brake specific fuel consumption reduced by (7.2%) by adding (9%) of acetophenone which recorded as the best reduction through all types. The best increment of brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure and volumetric efficiency was (18.17, 9.2, 19.28 and 17.35%) is achieved by adding (9%) of cyclopentanone. Also, the exhaust gas temperature will be increase by adding ketones.  The percentage increasing of exhaust gas temperature was (26.23%) recorded by cyclopentanone addition at ratio of (9%). In the case of heat balance, the best increment of total heat internal energy was (26.91) at (9%) of acetophenone.For the first time, this type of compound(acetophenone) is added for the purpose of increasing the octane number, improving performance and pollutants.