Energy Efficient Optimal Routing and Resource Allocation for CRWSN to extend network lifetime

Abstract

Cognitive radio wireless sensor network (CRWSN) uses dynamic spectrum access technology which is formed by incorporating the cognitive radio capabilities to the wireless sensor networks (WSN).Spectrum utilization problem arises due to increase usage of wireless communication. Cognitive radio technology offers better solution to overcome spectrum utilization challenge. CRWSN as the energy and efficient spectrum utilization issue linked with WSN and cognitive radio network (CRN). In multihop cognitive radio wireless sensor network (CRWSN), energy efficiency and overall network performance is achieved by energy aware routing protocols which ensure reliable data transfer and extend the network lifetime. This article presents an Energy Efficient Optimal Routing(EEOR) scheme for cluster based Cognitive Radio Wireless Sensor Network where both the energy and resource allocation i.e., channel allocation are addressed to enhance the network lifetime. Key idea involves the usage of optimal multihop routing and resource allocation i.e., channel allocation for Cluster Head (CH) and Cluster Members (CMs) to forward data to sink node to improve the energy efficiency and network lifetime by optimizing the energy consumption using improved LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) protocol and thereby achieve desirable Quality of Service (QoS) of sensed data. Cluster heads are assigned with fixed channels and cluster members lease the spectrum from cluster head for intra cluster communication and forward data using TDMA to respective cluster head. Further, a cluster head rotation method is utilized where the efficient cluster head is elected with higher residual energy levels to balance the network lifetime. EEOR plans to direct the sensed data through an energy efficient and steady path to the sink node using the appropriate channel assigned to each sensor node. EEOR is compared with existing ERP and EACRP cluster based routing protocols and the simulation results shows EEOR outperforms ERP and EACRP in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, end-to-end delay, energy efficiency and achieves significant QoS parameters for CR-WSN.