Minimization of Circular Polarized Patch Antenna for 5 GHz applications Based on the Current Distribution and Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

This paper focuses on minimizing the microstrip patch antenna and discusses about design of a rectangular patch antenna with circular polarization, having strip line feed. To get the circular polarization, a rectangular slot has been cut in the corner of the patch, then continuously cutting the slot until we get the optimal design at the operating frequency (5 GHz) with reduced size of (68.6%) depending on the current distribution on the patch with the assistance of genetic algorithm (GA). An increasing in the bandwidth is observed using the proposed design. The simulation is done using IE3D simulating software has been used. The operating frequency of the first antenna design is chosen at (6 GHz) then it is forced to operate at (5 GHz).